【摘要】 对2004年北京、上海、重庆、乌鲁木齐、兰州、青岛、厦门7个典型城市城区空气质量公报进行了分析,同时结合北京、上海两市的气象数据,分析了两市气象条件和颗粒物污染变化的规律.结果表明,2004年除厦门外,其余6个城市的大气都有不同程度的污染,沿海地区城市空气质量普遍优于北部内陆城市,典型大城市大气中的首要污染物主要是可吸入颗粒物,各城市可吸入颗粒物浓度随季节变化规律不同,一般情况下夏、秋季低,春、冬季(取暖期)高,局地因素是形成季节变化的主要原因;北京和上海的数据表明,降水可以去除可吸入颗粒物,合适的风可以降低可吸入颗粒物浓度,能见度和可吸入颗粒物质量浓度之间存在明显的负相关性.更多还原

【Abstract】 The urban air quality reports of seven typical cities of China(including Beijing,Shanghai,Chongqing,Urum-chi,Lanzhou,Qingdao,Xiamen) in 2004 are analyzed in this paper.Based on the meteorology data of Beijing and Shanghai,the change features between particulate pollution and meteorology condition are summarized.The results show that the ambient atmosphere of these cities(except Xiamen) is polluted in different levels in 2004.The air qualities of the coastal cities are better than that of the northern inland cities in China.The principal pollutant of these typical cities is inhalable particulate.The variation features of the mass concentration of inhalable particulate of difference cities with season are different.In gener-al,the mass concentrations during summer and autumn are low,spring and winter are high.The local factors are the principal reasons of the variation with season.According the air quality reports and meteorology condition of Beijing and Shanghai,the following conclusions can be obtained: precipitation can wipe off the inhalable particulate,suitable wind can depress the mass concentration of inhalable particulate,and there is a obvious negative relativity between the visibility and mass concentration of inhalable particulate.更多还原