【摘要】 目的　研究枕下海绵窦及毗邻结构的横断面形态及相互关系,为临床开展颅颈交界区手术及影像学诊断提供外科解剖学依据。方法　从中国正常男性数字化可视人体数据集中选取从枢椎齿状突上缘到下缘的连续断面图像,将其与相对应的MRI 断面图像对照,观察枕下海绵窦及毗邻结构的细微解剖结构。结果　枕下海绵窦部分共计50 层,每层断面结构图像清晰,数据集大小为2.7 GB。数据集显示枕下海绵窦、枕下静脉丛、椎动脉旁静脉结构、椎内、外静脉丛、髁前、髁后静脉和颈内静脉之间相互交通。结论　在横断薄层断面上可较好显示枕下海绵窦正常解剖结构及其毗邻关系,为枕下海绵窦的三维重建提供了准确的实验数据,为临床影像诊断学(超声、CT、MRI)提供了完整、连续的薄层断面解剖学资料,对枕下海绵窦区颅底病变的诊治具有重要参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the normal relationship between the suboccipital cavernous sinus and its surrounding blood vessels for directing operative approach and the morphological basis for clinical image diagnosis. Methods A male cadaver without organic lesions verified by naked-eye observation and MRI examinations was selected as the specimen. After measurement and vascular perfusion, the specimen was embedded with gelatin and then placed in -30℃ saline pool for cryopreservation for 1 week, then in laboratory at -25℃, the specimen was serially sectioned from the axis to the base of skull layer by layer(sectioning accuracy: 0.001 mm) with TK-6350 digital sectioner. The suboccipital region model data were collected by photographs of layer after another with high-definition digital camera and hence datum set for the suboccipital region structures was obtained. Results There are many contact among the suboccipital cavernous sinus, anterior condylar vein, posterior condylar vein, internal jugular vein and vertebral venous plexus, etc. Conclusion The suboccipital cavernous sinus and its surrounding blood vessels were easily identified in the axial plane. It is helpful for imaging diagnosis and microsurgery to understand the normal anatomy of the suboccipital cavernous sinus.更多还原