【摘要】 报道了在新疆柽柳上造成虫瘿的齿腿柽瘿蚊、毛尾柽瘿蚊、土库曼柽瘿蚊和害柽瘿蚊。对 4种柽瘿蚊分布、寄主植物、生活史、行为及对寄主植物的选择性等生物学特性进行了观察。4种瘿蚊造成柽柳枝条形成性状各异的虫瘿 ,多一室一虫。齿腿柽瘿蚊在新疆乌鲁木齐市一年 4代 ,毛尾柽瘿蚊在新疆阜康一年 1代 ,均以老熟幼虫在虫瘿中越冬 ;在室内养虫盒和罩笼中 ,齿腿柽瘿蚊平均产卵 4 2粒 ,害柽瘿蚊平均产卵 56粒 ,卵多单产。寄生齿腿柽瘿蚊、毛尾柽瘿蚊的寄生蜂均分别有姬小蜂科和金小蜂科各 1种。寄生蜂对齿腿柽瘿蚊越冬代的寄生率为38 5% ,第 1代蛹末期为 58 0 % ,第 2代蛹末期为 91 3% ,第 3代蛹末期为 3 6 % ;对毛尾柽瘿蚊蛹期寄生率为 58 8%。接种卵试验表明 ,齿腿柽瘿蚊可以在采自美国的盆栽多枝柽柳上成功地取食、造成虫瘿 ,但不能在盆栽杨树和柳树上取食、存活更多还原

【Abstract】 Four species of gall midges （Cecidomyiidae） were found inducing branch galls on the saltcedars （Tamarix, Tamaricarea）, which were Psectrosema dentipes, P. barbatus, P. turkmanica and P. noxium. A bionomic study was made on their distribution, host plants, seasonal cycles, adult behaviors, and host selection. Gall shapes differed among the four gall midges. P. dentipes produced four generations in the field a year at Urumqi but P. noxium one generation a year at Fukang, 70 km northeast to Urumqi. Both species overwintered in matural larvae in galls. P. dentipes singly laid 42 eggs and P. noxium 56 eggs in the laboratory. Larvae of P. dentipes were parasitised at larval stage and emerged at pupal stage by parasitoid wasps, Quadrasticus sp. （Eulophidae） and Mesopoloubs sp. （Pteromalidae）. Parasitisms at the end of pupal stages were 38.5% for the overwintering generation, 58.0% for the 1^st generation, 91.3% for the 2^nd, and 3.6% for the 3^rd generation. Larvae of P. barbatus were parasitised by Quadrasticus sp. and Anthrolypus sp. （Pteromalidae） by 58.8% at the end of pupal stage. Inoculated in eggs, P. dentipes could successfully feed and induce galls on potted accessions of saltcedar, Tamarix ramosissima, from the southwestern US, but not on potted local willow, Salix alba, and cottonwood, Populus alba var. pyramidalis.更多还原