【摘要】 利用中国科学院生态系统研究网络29个生态站的2002年紫外辐射、总辐射、日照时数、相对湿度、温度等气象因子资料,采用多种方法分析紫外辐射与其他气象因子以及地理因子之间的关系,选择出最优的因子和最佳方法建立紫外辐射的计算模型。结合本课题组开发的中国陆地生态系统气象 气候要素空间化数据库的1km×1km气候要素栅格图,利用ArcMap ArcInfo软件实现了紫外辐射的空间化。通过比较,选择出合适的紫外线指数分类方法完成了紫外线指数和紫外线辐射等级的栅格化。在空间化图像的基础上分析了年及各月中国紫外辐射的空间分布特征,并对形成这种分布的原因进行了初步探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ozone depletion and increase of ultraviolet radiation have been observed in the last few decades; the change of Ultraviolet radiation has great effects on entire ecosystem, including health of the human population. So it is very important to understand the UV spatial and temporal distribution pattern through the development of appropriate simulation models. Based on the observation data of CERN (Chinese Ecosystem Research Network) from 29 ecological stations of CAS in 2002, including UV radiation, global solar radiation, sunshine duration, relative humidity, temperature, etc., the relationship between UV radiation and other meteorological and geographical factors with different methods is analyzed, then the optimization factors and calculation model is selected to simulate UV of different months. The results show that the best simulation model is the exponential curved correlation with global solar radiation. The modeling study carried out with a sample size of 325 that provided an average square of correlation coefficient of 0.81. The model is further tested with 30 check samples that showed an annual mean absolute error of 0.19. Then on the basis of the 1km×1km grid Atlas of the Chinese Meteorological Factors, we use ArcGIS to accomplish the spatialization of monthly UV radiation in China. The appropriate method of UVI (ultraviolet index) classification is chosen to establish the GRID maps of UVI and grades of UVI. On the basis of the results derived, it concludes that UV increases with the elevation and declines by a slight amount in the raining seasons. In the winter the UV maximum appears in the Northeast of China and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and increases from the north to the south of China; in summer the UV has the highest value in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and declines from northwest to southeast, the mean value of monthly UV always has a low value in the Sichuan Basin. The UVI maps show that in the peak summer Qinghai-Tibet is characterized by the highest level of UVI with a UV index of 5, followed in decreasing order in the other northwestern localities showing a UVI of 4, the west of northeastern China and north of China with a UVI of 3 and in the other places, the UVI is found to decline from the center towards the northern and southern latitudes.更多还原