【摘要】 目的:为喉返神经提供比较解剖学资料,并为研究喉返神经选择动物实验提供解剖基础。方法:用成年杂种狗14只,在全麻痹状态下放血,解剖出喉返神经,观察其喉返神经及分支的形态,取其喉返神经及分支,喉返神经分支与颈交感干之间的交通支。甲醛固定、明胶包埋、恒冷切片后用Karnovsky乙酰胆碱酯酶组化方法,对上述材料进行观察。结果:①狗喉返神经分支按其分布范围可分为喉支和喉外支,前者在入喉前多分为前支、后支。②28.5%的狗喉返神经分支呈树枝状,称树枝型(多支型);71.5%喉返神经分支与分支或分支与交感神经链间吻合成袢状,称喉返神经袢。③喉返神经干及分支内含有髓酶反应阳性和阴性纤维及无髓酶反应强阳性纤维。结论:狗喉返神经袢出现率较高,含有交感神经节后纤维、躯体运动及感觉纤维,为混合性神经。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To accum ulate m ore inform ation forthe recurrentlaryngealnerve loop (RLN L)incomparative anatomy and to provide a basis for research of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in animal usedas a subject of experiment. M ethods:14 dogsafterim m ediate Sacrifice w ere collected forstudy.The recurrentlaryngeal nerve loop and its branches were dissected, observed and measured in the region of thyroid surgery,and using Karnovsky’s histochemical method, the different parts of the recurrent laryngeal nerve loop,including communicating branch between cervical sympathetic chain and recurrent laryngeal nerve branch andseveral segments of the mixed trunks, were examined for their acetylcholinsterase activities to distinguish thefiber components of the RLNL. The specimens were fixed with formalin , imbedded in gelatin, mounted inglasses, incubated in the medium prepard according to karnovsky and Root’s direction , and then observedunder the light microscope. Results: In the group all RLN s bifurcated into the laryngeal branch andextra-laryngeal branch. The former usually divided into the anterior branch and posterior branch before enteringthe larynx. Like a tree, 28.5% of the RLNs gave off several branches, which were called multiple-branch type.The incidence of RLN loop(loop type), connecting one branch to another and ( or ) cervical sympathetic chain,was 71.5%(20 out of 28 sides ). The loop could be divided into 3 categories: H-shaped, O-Shaped and mixed.The nerve trunks and branches consisted of myelinated axons, some of which showed enzamatic activity andothers failed to react, and unmyelinated fibers which showed strong enzamatic activity. Conclusion: Theseresults demonstrated that the recurrent laryngeal nerve loop is composed of motor, sensory nerve fibers andsympathetic postganlion nerve fibers. Therefore, RLN loop is a mixed nerve and the incidence of the RLN loopwas higher in dogs than in human.更多还原