【摘要】 目的:统计脊髓损伤患者后期并发症发生情况并探讨其相关因素。方法:对318例脊髓损伤患者进行3~15年跟踪随访,内容包括泌尿系并发症、呼吸系并发症、压疮、慢性顽固性肢体疼痛等,统计并发症发生情况、死亡原因,分析并发症与脊髓损伤程度、是否行手术治疗及损伤节段等的关系。结果:脊髓损伤患者后期主要并发症是泌尿系并发症,发生率为82.4%,其中泌尿系感染52.8%、慢性肾功能衰竭14.5%、肾盂积水10.5%、尿路结石5.0%;其次为慢性顽固性肢体疼痛,为64.2%;压疮为47.5%;呼吸系感染为34.3%,其它并发症有关节僵硬变形、异位骨化等。完全性脊髓损伤患者并发症发生率高于不完全性脊髓损伤患者(P<0.05),手术治疗组与非手术治疗组相近(P>0.05)。胸腰段脊髓损伤患者的泌尿系感染、压疮及肢体疼痛的发生率较其它节段损伤者高(P<0.05)。死亡28例,占8.8%,死亡主要原因是慢性肾功能衰竭,占46.4%,压疮合并感染占21.4%,呼吸系感染占14.3%。结论:脊髓损伤后期并发症发生率仍然很高,其发生率与外科手术无关。提高康复意识与水平以及全社会的支持是预防并发症、提高患者生存质量与延长寿命的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the incidence and its correlated factors of the late complications in the patients with spinal cord injury(SCI).Method:318 cases with SCI were followed up from 3 to 15 years (in average 9 years).The incidence of complications including those occurred in urological and respiratory systems,pressure sore,chronic limb pain.The causes of the complications and correlations to severity of the SCI were analyzed.Result:The incidence of the complications in the patients with SCI were 82.4% in urological systems,among them 52% with urological infections,14.5% with chronic renal failure,10.5% with hydronephrosis,5.0% urinary stone.In addtion,64.2% with chronic limb pain,47.5% pressbed sore and 34.3% respiratory infections.Other complications included joint stiffness and deformity,heterotypic ossification.The incidence rate in the patients with complete paraplegia was higher than those with incomplete paraplegia(P<0.05),and there was no significant differences between surgery group and the conservative group(P>0.05).28 cases(8.8%) died at time of follow up.The major causes of the death were chronic renal failure(46.4%),pressbed sore(21.4%),and respiratory infections(14.3%).Conclusion:The incidence rate of complications in the patients with SCI is still high.It seems there are no correlations between surgery and the complication incidence.To strengthen the rehabilitation sense and skill and get stronger support from the society will be the key way of raising the living quality and prolonging the life of the patients with SCI.更多还原