【摘要】 对10个杂交稻组合在同一生态区5个不同海拔高度12个品质性状的变异特点进行了研究。结果表明,不同品质性状在不同海拔高度的变异存在很大差异,糙米率、精米率、粒长相对稳定,各组合平均变异系数仅为0.75%,0.60%和3.16%;而垩白度、垩白粒率波动较大,各组合平均变异系数高达92.28%和66.54%。通过聚类分析,可根据稻米品质性状在不同海拔高度的变异系数大小划分为3种类型,第1种是对气候条件变化最敏感的生态敏感型,如垩白度、垩白粒率,第2种是对气候条件变化反应迟钝的生态迟钝型,如糙米率、精米率、粒长,第3种是介于二者之间的中间型。随海拔升高,灌浆结实时间延长,整精米率增大,垩白度、垩白粒率变小,说明高海拔有利于改善稻米品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 The variation of 12 grain quality traits was studied at 5 different elevations from 200 m to 1 400 m in the same ecological area with 10 hybrid rice combinations as the materials.The results showed that there existed a great difference in variation at different elevations among the quality traits.The traits such as brown rice rate,milled rice rate and kernel length were relatively stable with an average of variation coefficients of the ten hybrids at 0.75%,0.60% and 3.16%,respectively;but the traits such as chalkiness and chalky rice rate had a great variation with an average of variation coefficients at 92.28% and 66.54%,respectively.By clustering analysis of variation coefficients,the grain quality traits could be divided into three groups.The first group,including chalkiness and chalky rice rate,was ecology-sensitive type which was most sensitive to the change of ecological conditions,the second group,including brown rice rate,milled rice rate and kernel length,was ecology-insensitive type which was not sensitive to the change of ecological conditions and the third group was intermediate type including the other traits.With the elevation increased,the duration for grain filling was elongated,the head rice rate increased,but the chalky rice rate and chalkiness decreased,which indicates that high elevation is favorable for improvement of rice grain quality.更多还原