【摘要】 目的了解先天性小耳畸形患者及其家属的心理状况并就其影响因素进行探讨。方法102例住院患者随机入选,采用填写调查表的形式来评价患者的心理状况并且探讨其影响因素。结果①23.5%的患者具有较为严重的心理障碍,主要表现为自卑、怯懦、依赖、猜疑、神经质、偏激、敌对、孤僻、抑郁等。②随着年龄增加,患者形成性格障碍呈现明显的增加趋势。③患儿意识到其自身的缺陷越早,其发生性格障碍的比率越低。④患者如果是被动的意识到自己的畸形,发生心理障碍的比率较高。⑤父母的受教育程度、心理压力的程度及家庭是否和睦均对患儿心理障碍的形成有一定的影响。结论应尽早实施耳再造手术,以防止患儿心理障碍的产生,家长对于其畸形态度及正确引导对于防止患儿产生心理障碍至关重要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the psychologic status and their influencing factors in congenital microtia patients and their families. Methods Totally one hundred and two congenital microtia patients (79 men,23 women, mean age 13.62 ±7.2 years) were enrolled. The patients and their families answered the questionnaire written by ourselves to identify the psychosocial problems. Results ① 23.5% patients were found to have severe psychosocial problems, such as lack of self-confidence, close and fear and so on. ② with the growth of age, psychosocial problems of the patients were rated high (P<0.05). ③ For patients who found their deformations early, psychosocial problems also were rated low. ④ For patients who found their deformations by themselves, psychosocial problems also were rated low. ⑤ The education and psychosocial impact for parents all affected patients deeply. Conclusions To prevent psychosocial problems, we should operate for patients as early as possible. And correct guidance is very important for youngsters.;更多还原