【摘要】 目的了解儿童青少年性意识发展特点,探讨在性意识培养过程中如何进行性别角色教育。方法采用整群抽样方法利用自行编制系列问卷对8093名3~24岁的调查对象进行问卷调查。结果儿童青少年性意识发展,伴随性别角色的形成,3~4岁时有42·86%男女儿童明白自己的性别,这是性意识产生初期。喜欢汽车的男孩由3岁时81·82%升至6岁时的91·43%。喜欢娃娃的女孩由3岁时的65·00%升至6岁时的83·87%,体现出在幼儿期性别和性别角色的差异。与异性交往的态度、方式,对性别角色的形成起到重要的作用,如大学生认为异性可信赖女生高于男生24·08个百分点,体现女性情感发展对男性的依赖性。对异性外貌、气质、性格、才智的态度。都明显的体现不同性格特征与角色态度。结论性别角色的形成与性意识的发展有密切关系,学校开展道德教育和性健康教育时要引进“性别角色”的概念,使教育内容和方法更有针对性、实效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the characteristics of sexual consciousness of children and adolescents,and to investigate gender role education during sexual consciousness training. Methods Cluster sampling method and questionnaire survey were used in 8093 persons from 3 to 24 years old. Results The developments of sexual consciousness of children and adolescents were acompanied with the formation of gender role.42.84% of children knew their sexuality in 3～4 years old,which was the initial stage to produce sexual consciousness.Boys who like cars were from 81.82% in 3 years old up to 91.43% in 6 years old,girls who like dolls were from 65.00% in 3 years old up to 83.87% in 6 years old,it showed the difference of sexuality and gender role in children.The attitude and style associating with contrasex had important effect on the formation of gender role.For example,more female college students belived that contrasex could be trusted than males which showed the dependence on male in female’s emotional development.The attitude to contrasexual appearance,temperament,character and intellect reflects apparently different characteristics and role attitude. Conclusion The formation of gender role is related to the development of sexual consciousness of children and adolescents.更多还原