【摘要】 采用物理和微生物试验方法,对疾病预防与医疗机构使用的7类防护服与4种防护口罩进行了结构特点、过滤效率以及液体与微生物阻隔性能研究。结果,棉布与尼龙面料的防护服过滤效率只有6%~14%,完全不能阻挡水、人工血的渗透,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌F2噬菌体悬液渗透也无阻挡作用。融喷非织造布与热粘非织造布的防护服过滤效率为16%~33%,不能阻挡人工血渗透,但在不加压条件下能阻挡金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌F2噬菌体悬液的渗透;复合非织造布与Tyvek非织造布的防护服过滤效率为43%~93%,在不加压条件下能阻挡人工血、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌F2噬菌体渗透。涂层面料的防护服过滤效率达99%以上,并能阻挡人工血、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌F2噬菌体渗透,但其透气性为零。12层纱布口罩的过滤效率只有11%~15%,完全不能阻挡人工血、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌F2噬菌体渗透。活性炭过滤口罩的过滤效率为11%~17%,不能阻挡人工血渗透,但能阻挡金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌F2噬菌体渗透。一次性非织造布口罩的过滤效率为46%~48%,在不加压条件下能阻挡人工血、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌F2噬菌体渗透。一次性N95防护口罩的过滤效率达到95%,其中医用口罩能阻挡人工血、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌F2噬菌体渗透。更多还原

【Abstract】 Physical and microbiological test methods were used to study the structure characteristics,filtering efficiency and liquid and microorganism-barrier property of 7 kinds of protective clothing and 4 kinds of protective mask used by disease-prevention and medical institutions.Results: The protective clothing made of cotton and nylon fabric showed a filtering efficiency of only 6%～14%,could not obstruct penetration of water and synthetic blood and also penetration of the suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus and F₂ phage of Escherichia coli.The protective clothing made of meltblown non-wovens fabric and thermal bonding non-wovens fabric showed a filtering efficiency of 16%～33% and could not obstruct penetration of synthetic blood,but could obstruct penetration of suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus and F₂ phage of Escherichia coli under condition of no pressure added.The protective clothing made of compound non-wovens fabric and Tyvek non-wovens fabric showed a filtering efficiency of 43%～93% and could obstruct penetration of synthetic blood,S.aureus and F₂ phage of E.coli under condition of no pressure added.The protective clothing made of coated fabric showed a filtering efficiency of over 99% and could obstruct penetration of synthetic blood,S.aureus and F₂ phage of E.coli,but its air permeability was zero.Twelve-layer gauze mask showed a filtering efficiency of only 11%～15% and could not obstruct penetration of synthetic blood,S.aureus and F₂ phage of E.coli.The mask with activated carbon filter presented a filtering efficiency of 11%～17% and could not obstruct penetration of synthetic blood,but could obstruct penetration of S.aureus and F₂ phage of E.coli.Disposable mask made of non-wovens fabric presented a filtering efficiency of 46%～48% and could obstruct penetration of synthetic blood,S.aureus and F₂ phage of E.coli under condition of no pressure added.Disposable N95 protective mask attained a filtering efficiency of 95% and the mask for medical use could obstruct penetration of synthetic blood,S.aureus and F₂ phage of E.coli.更多还原