【摘要】 测定了16个甜菜单胚杂交组合后代的几个性状,结果表明,甜菜叶长、含糖率性状的遗传主要由加性基因效应引起,父本对杂种F1的叶长、含糖率影响大于母本。叶宽和根体最大周长的加性基因效应达显著水平,由其引起的变异占总变异的50%左右。母本对杂种F1的根体最大周长性状的遗传效应大于父本,表现出母性效应特点。在叶宽性状上,父本的遗传效应大于母本。非加性基因对株高、叶柄长、根体长和根产量的遗传起主导作用,杂种优势利用潜力较大。在根产量方面,加性基因效应引起的变异占总变异的1/4,加性效应在单胚型甜菜根产量性状的遗传中也起着比较重要的作用。根产量的母本一般配合力方差(σ2gca)远远大于父本的σ2gca,表明母本对杂种F1根产量性状的遗传效应大于父本,表现出较强的母性效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 Some characters of 16 filial-generation of monogerm sugarbeet were measured, and the results showed that the leaf length and sugar content were mainly affected by the additive gene, and both characters of F1 on the male parent had more effect than that of the female parent. The additive effects of the leaf width and largest circumference were at the significant level, which accounted for more than 50% of the total genetic variation to two traits. The largest circumference of female parent had more inheritable effect than that of the male parent, and the leaf width of male parent had more inheritable effect than that of female parent. Moreover, the plant height, leafstalk lengtht and root yield were principally affected by non-additive gene action, and additive gene had certain effect. Root yield was basically controlled by the non-additive gene effect, the additive gene effect made up 25 percent of the total genetic variation for root yield characters. Furthermore, root yield had large general combining ability effects of female parent (σ2gca) than that of male parent, and it demonstrated that the inheritance of root yield had maternal effect in progeny.更多还原