【摘要】 计算饱和液体的气化热通常是把该温度下的饱和蒸汽视为理想气体。但是氘的饱和蒸汽在临界温度Tc=38·34K以下作为理想气体计算气化热,得到的结果不符合一般规律。本文采用Clapeyron方程的微分形式和氘的汽液平衡方程,考虑氘由液态转变为气态的体积变化,计算得到20K到38K各温度对应的气化热和熵变,最后绘制出氘的饱和曲线。这种计算方法避免了两个近似:视氘饱和蒸汽为理想气体和忽略氘汽液转变的体积变化,提高了计算的精确度。更多还原

【Abstract】 In general, the saturated stream is regarded as the ideal gas for calc ulating the heat of gasification for the saturated liquid. However, the result o f calculation wasn’t consistent with the general law if D₂ was treated as the id eal gas under T_c=38.34 K, the critical temperature. Considering the cha nge of the volume from the liquid state to the gas state, this paper implored the Clapeyron differential equation and the equation of vapor-liquid equilibrium, then obtai n ed the heat of gasification and the entropy from 20 K to 38 K and the saturation curve. The method avoided regarding the saturate gas D₂ as the ideal gas and ign oring the volume change from the liquid state to the gas state, improving the ca lculation exactitude.更多还原