【摘要】 采用溶剂热合成方法,以高锰酸钾和乙醇为原料在较低的温度下制备Mn3O4纳米粉体。借助分光光度计和X射线粉末衍射仪研究了反应温度、反应时间及溶剂含水量对反应过程的影响规律。实验结果表明,反应温度的提高可以加快KMnO4反应速率,提高产物的结晶程度,晶粒的尺寸也随之增大。当反应温度在100℃以下时,反应明显变慢。乙醇溶剂中加入水分可以提高KMnO4反应速率。当水分含量增加到一定程度时则会形成新物相MnO(OH)。于100和160℃分别制备出10与60nm左右的Mn3O4纳米粉体,利用XRD和TEM测试技术对相关产物进行了分析表征。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles were prepared at low temperatures with KMnO₄ and ethanol as reactants via a solvothermal method. With the help of spectrophotometer and X-ray diffractometer, the influences of temperature, reaction time and water content in the solvent on the reaction process as well as the product were investigated. Experiments showed that increasing reaction temperature accelerated the reaction rate, improved the crystallinity of Mn₃O₄ and made its particles grow larger. When reaction temperature was blow 100 ℃, the （reaction） slowed down. Water in the solvent can accelerate the reaction rate of KMnO₄, but higher water （content） leads to a new phase MnO（OH）. Based on the experiments, the controllable synthesis of nanocrystalline Mn₃O₄ has been achieved. Nanocrystalline Mn₃O₄ powders with average particle sizes of 10 nm and 60 nm were obtained, respectively at 100 ℃ and 160 ℃. The products were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.更多还原