【摘要】 按小窝疏株密植种植方式,设置基本苗6苗／窝、4苗／窝和2苗／窝3个处理,研究了基本苗数对杂交小麦产量 结构的影响。试验表明,降低基本苗后,杂交小麦的单株成稳能力有极大提高,基本苗6苗／窝、4苗／窝和2苗／窝的 单株成穗数分别为1.5个、2.0个和3.6个,穗长、有效小穗数和穗粒数都有提高,单穗籽粒产量差异不显著,单株籽 粒产量极显著提高。基本苗4苗／窝和2苗／窝的单株产量分别是6苗／窝的单株产量的1.58倍和2.93倍,基本苗4 苗／窝的单位面积产量最高,与6苗／窝间无显著性差异。研究结果表明,重庆地区杂交小麦种植的合理基本苗约4 苗／窝,折合约8~9万苗／667 m2;通过精量播种,充分发挥杂交小麦在营养生长方面的优势,促进植株的个体发育,提 高繁殖系数,降低用种量和种子成本,提高种植效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cultivation mode of planting wheat in small and densely arranged hills with low plant density per hole was used, with 6, 4 and 2 basic seedlings per hill (Treatments 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Reduction of the number of basic seedling per hill significantly increased full - grown spikes per plant, being 1.5, 2.0 and 3.6, respectively, in the above 3 treatments. It also increased spike length, effective spikelet number and grain number per spike. The difference of grain yield per spike was non - significant among the treatments. Grain yield per plant of Treatments 2 and 3 was 1.58 and 2.93 times that of Treatment 1, the difference being highly significant statistically. The difference in grain yield per unit area between Treatments 1 and 2 was non - significant. It is, therefore, concluded that the appropriate density of basic seedling in wheat cultivation in Chongqing is 4 basic seedlings per hill, or 80 000 to 90 000 plants/mu (15 mu = 1 hm2 ).更多还原