【摘要】 “自由目标效应”和“样例效应”是认知负荷理论为解决学习者的认知资源限制而提出的两个重要的教学设计原则。通过两个实验,研究“自由目标效应”和“样例效应”对不同写作水平学生写作成绩的影响。被试为406名初中一年级学生。结果表明,“自由目标效应”和“样例效应”受学生写作水平的影响。“自由目标效应”对高水平写作者有促进作用,但会降低低水平写作者的成绩;“样例效应”对低水平写作者有促进作用,但对高水平写作者的写作成绩无显著影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was to probe into the influence of the two principles of instructional design― "goal-free effect" and "worked examples effect",which come from the cognitive load theory,on the writing achievements of writers of different level.It contained two experiments,taking 406 grade 1 students in junior middle school as subjects.Experiment 1 examined the influence of "goal-free effect" on students’ writing achievements;experiment 2 examined the influence of "worked examples effect".The results showed that "goal-free effect" and "worked examples effect" were affected by the writing levels of the students."Goalfree effect" could improve the high-level writers’ achievements but inhibited the achievements of low-level writers’,"worked examples effect" could improve the low-level writers’ achievements but had no effect on the high-level writers’ achievements.更多还原