【摘要】 目的:从运动生理学角度分析木兰拳的运动特点及健身价值,为推广木兰拳提供科学依据。方法:对木兰拳的动作特点,练习要求,运动强度,成套练习特点进行总结。木兰拳将太极拳、气功、舞蹈、体操融于一体,既保留了武术的攻防含义,更兼有飘逸洒脱,造型优美的舞蹈成份,其锻炼方法符合传统养生的要求,套路结构适应中老年妇女的生理特点和心理特点。结果:①属于小强度运动的各路木兰拳,可增强中老年妇女心血管系统的功能。木兰拳锻炼时外周阻力减小,心脏射血不需要太大的动力,心脏负担小,运动后恢复期内舒张压低于运动前水平,收缩压升高幅度不大,是高血压患者一种极好的锻炼形式。②长时间的有氧练习可使体内脂肪代谢供能的比例增加,避免体内脂肪的堆积,维持血浆脂类代谢的正常进行,降低血浆总胆固醇、三酰甘油水平和提高血浆高密度脂蛋白含量。③木兰拳运动中膝关节基本上处于半蹲姿势,成套动作中又有较多的单腿站立造型动作,对下肢的力量素质要求较高,可防治中老年人肥胖症、骨质疏松症等疾病。④长期坚持木兰拳锻炼可以增强人体抗氧化能力和增强人体的平衡能力结论:木兰拳对延缓中老年妇女随增龄出现的心血管机能下降,血脂升高、骨质疏松以及增强抗氧化和平衡能力均有积极的作用。对中老年妇女是一项值得大力推广的健身项目。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To analysis the movement feature and body building worth of Mulanquan from the angle of athletic physiology, and provide scientific evidences for spreading Mulanquan. METHODS: The movement feature, exercise requirement, exercise intensity and exercise feature in sets of Mulanquan were summed up.The Mulanquan filled the hexagram boxing, breathing exercise, dancing and gymnastics into a whole, reserving the meaning of attacking and preventing of martial arts, having the ingredient of elegantly free and easy, beautiful build dancing. Its exercise method accorded with the requirement of traditional regimen, and the structure was suitable for the physical feature and psychological feature of middle and elderly women. RESULTS: ① Various Mulanquan that belonged to small strength move-ment, could increase function of cardiovascular system in middle-aged and el-derly women. When did the Mulanquan exercise, the resistance became smaller around, and the ejection of heart needed small drive, so heart had small load. The diastolic pressure in stage of recovery after doing exercise was lower than the level before exercise. The rising range of systolic pres-sure was not big. It was an excellent exercises formation for patients with hypertension.② The long-time aerobic exercise could increase the metabolism function of fat in vivo, avoid the stack of fat in vivo, maintain the common performance of metabolism of plasm and lipid, decrease the levels of plasm total cholesterol and triacylglycerol and enhance the content of plasm high desity lipoprotein. ③ In the exercise of Mulanquan, knee joint was in the position of bending standing, and there were many action of single leg standing in sets movement, which needed high quality of the strength of lower limb, and could prevent the adiposity and osteoporosis etc. in middle-aged and elderly people. ④ The long-time exercise of Mulanquan could increase the human anti-oxidation ability and human balance ability. CONCLUSION: The Mulanquan has active effects on the decrease of cardiovascular disease, high blood fat, osteoporosis, and can increase the anti-oxidation and balance ability emerged with the increasing of age in middle-aged and elderly women. It is a body building event worth to popularize for the middle-aged and elderly women.更多还原