【摘要】 目的:跟踪监测心肺功能多项指标,评估健康成人短期高海拔休息与运动状态下的心肺功能及随时间和海拔高度变化特点。方法:以2003-09/10深圳至西藏穿越雅鲁藏布江大峡谷20名雅江行队员为观察对象,男14人,女6人,高原旅行1个月,海拔高度从500～5400m。监测观察对象的血压(平均动脉压)、呼吸、心率、脉搏血氧饱和度以及呼吸心率乘积和收缩压心率乘积,分别于休息时、运动时记录各项指标,分析比较不同海拔高度、不同入高原时间(出发前,入高原第1,2,3,4周)心肺功能指标的变化。结果:按意向处理分析,进入结果分析对象20人:①性别差异情况:血压、呼吸、脉搏血氧饱和度等测试指标男女性别上无明显差别(P>0.05)。②不同海拔高度对健康成人静息和运动状态下心肺功能的影响:平均动脉压、心率、呼吸、收缩压心率乘积、呼吸心率乘积随海拔升高而呈上升趋势(P<0.05),血氧饱和度随海拔升高而呈下降趋势(P<0.01)。③进入高原不同时间段健康成人的心肺功能变化:入高原后第1周平均动脉压、呼吸频率、心率、收缩压呼吸乘积、心率呼吸乘积明显高于其他时间段(P<0.05～0.01),血氧饱和度入高原后明显低于其他时间段(P<0.05～0.01)。进入高原第4周时的平均动脉压、呼吸频率、心率和血氧饱和度的值与出发前无差别(P>0.05)。结论:①在平原和短期进入高原状态对健康成人心肺功能变化无性别差异。②高原缺氧对健康成人短期高原旅行的影响较明显,尤其在进入高原第1周内。急性高原疾病亦发生在进入高原的第1周内,随着高原居住时间的增加,机体逐渐适应高原缺氧。③机体对高原缺氧的反应与在高原停留的时间长短和适应程度有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To continuously monitor the several parameters of cardiorespiratory functions, evaluate the cardiorespiratory functions of healthy adults under the status of rest and exercise during short traveling at high altitude, and investigate the characteristics with the changes of time and altitude. METHODS: Twenty members of Yajiang Xing team (14 males and 6 females), who participated in the 1-month high altitude (500 to 5 400 m) traveling across Brahmaputra Gorge from Shenzhen to Tibet between September and October 2003, were involved in this study. Their blood pressure (mean arterial blood pressure), breath, heart rate, pulse oxygen saturation, multiplication of breath and heart rate, multiplication of systolic pressure and heart rate were monitored, the parameters were recorded at rest and exercise respectively; The changes of cardiorespiratory parameters were analyzed and compared at different altitude and different time of entering the high altitude (before departure and 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after entering the high altitude). RESULTS: According to intention-to-treat analysis, all the 20 subjects were involved in the analysis of results. ① Gender differences: There were no obvious differences in blood pressure, breath, pulse oxygen saturation between males and females (P > 0.05). ② Influence of different altitude on the cardiorespiratory functions of healthy adults at rest and exercise: The mean arterial blood pressure, breath, heart rate, multiplication of breath and heart rate, multiplication of systolic pressure and heart rate showed an increasing trend with the elevation of altitude (P < 0.05), pulse oxygen saturation showed a descending trend with the elevation of altitude (P < 0.01). ③ Changes of cardiorespiratory functions of healthy adults at different time after entering high altitude: One week after entering high altitude, the mean arterial blood pressure, breath, heart rate, multiplication of breath and heart rate, multiplication of systolic pressure and heart rate were obviously higher but pulse oxygen saturation was obviously lower than those at any other time (P < 0.05 to 0.01); The mean arterial blood pressure, respiratory frequency, heart rate and pulse oxygen saturation 4 weeks after entering high altitude had no differences from those before departure (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: ① The changes of cardiorespiratory function in healthy adults in plain and high altitude for a short time have no gender differences. ② High altitude hypoxia has more obvious influence on the short traveling at high altitude, especially in the 1st week, when acute high altitude sickness also occurs; With the prolongation of living at high altitude, the body will gradually adapts to high altitude hypoxia. ③ Body’s reaction to high altitude hypoxia is associated with the stay length at high altitude and the degree of adaptation.更多还原