【摘要】 对不同穗型粳稻品种的籽粒干物质积累动态和淀粉磷酸化酶及Q酶的活性进行了研究,同时分析了供试品种在4个氮素水平下叶绿素含量变化及与稻米品质性状的关系。结果表明,籽粒干物质积累动态在品种间存在差异,直立穗型品种,由于每穗粒数多,着粒较密,在籽粒灌浆前期,起始生长势低(GR0),全穗籽粒平均灌浆速率较低,而后期相对较高,穗上、下部籽粒的异步灌浆现象明显,这可能是引起其外观品质差的重要原因;籽粒淀粉磷酸化酶和Q酶的活性,在不同穗型品种、同一品种不同穗位籽粒之间存在差异,这种差异与籽粒充实前、后期灌浆速率快慢相吻合,外观品质较差的直立穗型品种,同穗不同粒位间籽粒酶活性差异大。抽穗期和成熟期剑叶叶绿素含量对稻米品质性状有一定的影响,剑叶叶绿素含量高的品种,有胶稠度偏硬、蛋白质含量升高的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dry matter accumulations of grain, enzyme activities, chlorophyll contents and grain quality traits of different panicle-type cultivars planted in four N-fertilizer levels were examined. The results showed as follows: The grain dry matter accumulations for different panicle type cultivars were not the same, for erect-panicle japonica cultivars, GR₀ and the rate of grain filling were low during early grain filling period because of the large number of grains per panicle and the high density of grain, but the rate of grain filling was higher during late grain-filling period, the difference of the grain filling between the upper and low part in one panicle was obviously found, which might be the important factors that made the appearance quality poor. The activities of starch phosphorylase and Q enzyme in the grains were different in the cultivars with three type panicles and in the grains from different sites of the panicle, the differences above were concerned with grain filling speed during early and late grain filling period, grain enzyme activity differences in different sites of the panicle were found in the cultivars with poor appearance quality. Chlorophyll contents of flag leaves during heading and maturing stages were correlated with quality characters. The gel consistency had the tendency to be more rigid and the protein content increased with the increase of chlorophyll content in the flag leaves.更多还原