【摘要】 中子散射是研究物质微观结构和动态的理想工具之一,广泛地应用于凝聚态物质研究和应用的众多学科领域.散裂中子源能是新一代的加速器基脉冲中子源,能为中子散射提供高通量的脉冲中子.文章简明地介绍了中子散射的特点和它作为物质结构和动态探针的优越性,以及散裂中子源的基本原理、发展状况和多学科的应用优势.我国计划建设的散裂中子源CSNS中,靶站将由多片钨靶、铍/铁反射体和铁/重混凝土生物屏蔽体组成.质子束功率100kW下,脉冲中子通量约为2.4×1016n/cm2/s.第一期将设计建造高通量粉末衍射仪、高分辨粉末衍射仪、小角散射仪、多功能反射仪和直接几何非弹性散射仪等五台典型的中子散射谱仪,以覆盖大部分的中子散射研究领域.更多还原

【Abstract】 Neutron scattering as a probe of microscopic structure and dynamics is a powerful tool for research in a wide variety of fields, and an accelerator-based spallation neutron source can supply high flux pulses for neutron scattering. The characteristics of neutron scattering, the principle and development of spallation neutron sources, and their advantages in multidisciplinary applications are summarized. In the proposed project of the Chinese Spallation Neutron Source the target station will consist of a piece-stacked tungsten target, a Be/Fe reflector and an Fe/heavy concrete bio-protected shelter. The pulsed neutron flux will be up to 2.4×10 16n/cm2/s under a nuclear power of 100 kW. Five neutron scattering instruments —— a high flux powder diffractometer, a high resolution powder diffractometer, small angle diffractometer, multi-functional reflectometer and direct geometry inelastic spectrometer, will be constructed as the first step to cover most neutron scattering applications.更多还原