【摘要】 研究了少数几个封闭于箱子中的硬球组成的系统的动力学与统计行为.着重研究单粒子位形空间的碰撞分布.计算表明,硬球的半径较小时,单粒子统计分布函数在空间主要是均匀分布;随着半径的增大,均匀分布部分逐渐减小.当硬球半径与箱子尺寸比值超过临界值时,单粒子分布函数呈现双峰形式.还利用少体硬球系统模拟布朗运动.研究表明,当硬球系统作为介质时,系统不存在扩散过程;发现大粒子的平均平方位移与时间是平方关系,说明大粒子在硬球介质中的输运是弹道输运过程.更多还原

【Abstract】 The dynamic and statistical properties of several hard balls restricted in a box are studied.The collision distribution in configuration space is main object of the research. Numerical simulations indicate that the distribution function is uniform (horizontal line) when the radius of balls is very small. This uniform part decreases with increasing size of the balls, and a double-peak distribution is found when the radius exceeds a critical value. Brownian motion is simulated by using hard-ball systems. It can be found that the mean square displacement is proportional to the square of time, i.e., the transport process is dominated by ballistic transport, rather than a diffusion behavior.更多还原