【摘要】 在剖析了西部地区退耕还林还草生态效益、经济效益和社会效益内涵的基础上,指出退耕还林还草项目首先追求的是较好的生态效益,并在此前提下要求尽量做到社会效益和经济效益的协调统一。目前评价退耕效益可采用以下两种思路:生态效益经济价值化法与综合评价法。生态效益经济价值化,可以从国民经济的角度考察退耕还林还草的投资成本和获得的情况,为国家制定宏观政策提供客观依据。按照综合评价法获得的结果,则能为退耕前选择退耕预案、退耕过程中及时发现问题和调整政策以及退耕后进行实施成效评价提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 On base of defining the concept of the benefit of cropland conversion project, this paper pointed out that ecological benefit is the most important aim of such project, while the unification and harmonization of economic and social benefit must be chased under this premise. There are two approaches in the evaluation of such project, one is ecological system services evaluation, and the other is the integrated evaluation. The former can offers an economical review of the investment and output of conversion project, and provides scientific base for the making of national economical policies, while the later can offers technical support for program selection before the project, problem dissolution and policy adjustment in the carrying out of project, effect evaluation after the pro- ject.更多还原