【摘要】 基于自组织临界性理论,设计和实施了具有真实物理意义的沙堆实验,结合三峡库区典型流域多年来富营养污染和水华爆发的现场监测资料,研究了缓流水系综合营养指数的变化趋势,描述了水华爆发/消退过程的自组织临界性行为。将沙堆实验统计数据中符合自组织临界性规律的普适性因子:沙堆底盘直径D、沙粒长度L、沙粒半径r和沙粒密度ρ等,与富营养污染流域中导致水华爆发的非线性耗散型控制函数相关联,从而有可能通过不同情况下沙堆崩塌的难易程度、频度和规模来发现、描述和确定水华爆发的内在机制和演化过程。沙堆实验的数值分析结果与这些典型流域水华发生过程的周期振荡行为和变化规律具有较好的一致性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the self-organized criticality theory, a true sandpile mode was designed for processing a mass of physical related experiments which are much closer to the behavior of true sand-pile. According to the water quality monitoring data from some typi- cal watershed systems located along the Three Gorges which has being eutrophicated for some years, the complex SOC behaviors during the algal blooms/fluctuation in the slow flowing water systems have been studied. According to these experimental measuring data and relation statistical analysis, we obtained some general factors as follows: underpan diameter D, sand particle length L, sand particle radius r and sand particle density ρ which would be associated with the SOC in the process of the sandpile evolution. By comparing these generalized factors with a dissipative behaviors and by the sandpile avalanche trend, frequency and scale under different conditions, we would discover and describe some internal mechanism and evolution process of algal bloom. The results of the sandpile experimental might reveal the periodicity, fluctuation and the same movement direction during the process of the algal bloom .更多还原