【摘要】 种植作物条件下水盐在土壤中的转化和运移构成了一个非常复杂的物理-化学-生物系统。研究种植作物条件下土壤水盐运移的动态规律和运行特征,建立水盐运移的数学模型对于指导盐渍土的灌溉管理及劣质水利用、土壤盐渍化与持续农业和生态环境之间的相互作用及土壤盐渍化预测等方面具有重要的意义。本研究首先提出了自主开发的土壤水盐运移的数学模型SWSTM(Soil Water and Salt Transport Mod-el),然后对冬小麦种植条件下土壤水盐的运动规律和特征进行了数值模拟,最后对不同地下水位和不同气象条件下的土壤水盐运移规律进行了数值预测,以期从土壤水盐运动的规律出发,提出一种应用数值模拟方法来预报土壤水盐动态的途径,同时为种植作物条件下田间大面积土壤水盐动态预测预报提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The transport and regime of water and salt under crops are a very complex physical-chemical-biological system.The study of their laws and characteristics is very important to developing water and salt transport models,guiding of sustainable exploitation of salt-affected soils and irrigation management,explaining interaction between sustainable agriculture and environment,and forecasting water and salt transport.Therefore,a soil water and salt transport model(SWSTM) was developed and adopted to describe transport of water and salt under winter wheat crop,numerical simulation of water and salt regime was done,and water and salt transport under different climate conditions and groundwater conditions was predicted and forecast with the SWSTM model.The results show that the simulation is very ideal and it is practicable to do numerical simulation and forecast with this model.So,a new method to forecast water-salt regime is thus brought forth.Furthermore,according to the actually situation,a simplified useful method without complex calculation is expected to be applied to forecasting distribution of salt-affected soil resources and water and salt regime on a large scale.更多还原