【摘要】 对沈阳市大民屯镇蔬菜生产基地温室番茄栽培条件下土壤交换性盐基离子组成变化的研究表明,使用5年和11年温室0~30 cm土层的土壤交换性K平均含量分别是其相邻露地菜田的4.1倍和8.7倍。由于土壤交换性K含量的增加,交换性K与盐量总量的比值随温室使用年限增加而显著增加,而Ca+Mg与盐基总量的比值随温室使用年限增加而显著降低。土壤水溶性与交换性Ca、Mg、K之间、水溶性阳离子总量与交换性盐基离子及总量之间具有极显著的相关关系(P<0.01),表明温室土壤交换性盐基组成是土壤水溶性盐分积累的一个主要影响因素。与露地菜田相比,高量施肥条件下温室土壤交换性K含量的显著增加是交换性盐基组成及盐基离子之间比值变化的一个主要特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 Composition of soil exchangeable base cations under greenhouse tomato cultivation was examined in Damingtun town vegetable production base of Shenyang.Results showed that at the depth of 0～30cm,the mean soil exchangeable K(Ex.K) concentrations were 4.1 and 8.7 times as much in 5-year and 11-year greenhouse fields as in their adjacent open field.Owing to the increase of soil Ex.K,the ratios of Ex.K to the sum of exchangeable base cations(SEB) were significantly increased,while the ratios of Ex.Ca and Ex.Mg to SEB were significantly decreased,with the increasing of cultivated years of greenhouses.Soil exchangeable and soluble Ca,Mg and K were significantly correlated with each other, and the sum of soluble ions was significantly correlated with exchangeable base cations and SEB(P<0.01),indicating that the changes of soil exchangeable base cations are one of the principal influential factors on soluble salt accumulation in greenhouse soils.Compared with open vegetable fields,the significant increase of soil Ex.K is a leading characteristics contributing to the changes of soil exchangeable base cations and the ratios among base cations under heavy application of fertilizers in greenhouses.更多还原