【摘要】 以华北地区3个主栽品种怀山药、大和黑皮、太谷山药为试材,研究4个收获期对山药产量及品质的影响。结果表明:1.同一品种,8月25日收获的产量最低,明显低于9月25日、10月25日和11月25日所收获的产量(P<0.05),而后3期收获的产量同一品种无显著性差异(P>0.05);2.同一品种,后2期收获的块茎含水率显著低于前2期(P<0.05),粗蛋白则显著高于前2期(P<0.05);3.第4期收获的块茎的粘度显著高于前2期(P<0.05)。4.大和黑皮山药块茎的锌、锰元素以第4期收获的含量最高,显著高于前2期(P<0.05);其余2个品种的锌、锰含量在不同收获期无显著差异(P>0.05)。总体来看,收获期以第3期、第4期为佳,其中以第4期收获的产量和品质最佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 We investigated the effect of 4 harvesed dates on the yield and quality of three main cultivars （Huai yam, Dahe yam, Taigu yam） of Chinese yams （Dioscorea opposita Thunb.） in northern China.The results showed that:（1） In the same cultivar,the tuber yield of yam harvested on 25^th August was significantly lower than those harvested on 25th September, 25^th October and 25^th November （P<0.05） while there were no significant differences among the last three harvesed phases;（P>0.05）（2） In the same cultivar,the water contents of yam tuber harvested on 25^thAugust and 25^th September were significantly higher than those harvested on 25^th October and 25^th November （P<0.05）,but the crude protein contents were opposite （P<0.05）;（3） the yam tuber harvested on 25^th November was much more gummy than those harvested on 25^th September and 25^th October （P<0.05）;（4） In Dahe yam,the content of zinc and manganese in yam tuber harvested on 25^th November was much higher than that harvested on 25^th September and 25^th October （P<0.05）.In other cultivars, the contents of zinc and manganese in yam tuber were not obviously different across four harvesed dates （P>0.05）.In summary,the best harvesting time is between 25^th October and early November for better yield and quality of yam tuber.更多还原