【摘要】 以固定化南极洲假丝酵母脂肪酶为催化剂合成长链不饱和脂肪酸酯。重点讨论了带水工艺、带水溶剂种类、脂肪酸碳链长度和反应温度等因素对反应的影响。结果表明,固定化南极洲假丝酵母脂肪酶对长链脂肪酸、脂肪醇的酯化反应有很好的催化效果,随脂肪酸碳链长度增加,脂肪酶的催化活力提高;有机溶剂和抽真空都可以带出反应中产生的水,溶剂带水有更好效果;相同反应时间内,反应温度60℃比50℃时有更高脂肪酸转化率;脂肪酶在50℃条件下使用30 h,酶活力与未使用前几乎完全相同。以低沸点石油醚(40~60℃)为带水溶剂,酶用量0.5%,反应温度50~60℃,反应时间6 h,可以得到酸值低于1的不饱和长碳链脂肪酸(C16~C22)油醇酯。更多还原

【Abstract】 Long-chain unsaturated esters were synthesized and a kind of immobile lipase from Antarctica was used as catalyst.All kinds of influencing factors,including removing methods of by-product water,solvent types of removing water,carbon chain length of fatty acid and reaction temperature,were mainly discussed.It could be concluded: Immobile lipase from Antarctica had high catalytic activity to esterification reaction of long-chain unsaturated fatty acid and alcohol,and its activity was improved as carbon length of fatty acid was increased.The water produced in the reaction could be removed by organic solvent or vacuum air pump,and method of removing water by organic solvent had better effect.The acid value of unsaturated long-chain esters of fatty acid(C₁₆^C₂₂) and oleic alcohol was below 1,at low boiling point petroleum ether（40⁶0℃） of removing water,the amount of lipase is 0.5%,react 6 h at（50^）60℃.更多还原