【摘要】 计算机辅助外科系统中,图像引导的手术导航系统是一种技术含量最高、发展最快的外科手术设备,在神经外科、骨科、耳鼻喉科等有着广阔的应用前景。目前,手术导航系统在图像调窗、分割、配准均采用的是手工方式,迫切需要提高图像处理的自动化程度。本文提出的自动调窗与分割算法,比较好地实现了医学图像的自动调窗和自动分割功能:(1)通过对大量MRI和CT图像的灰度直方图分析,根据这一类图像的共性,给出相应的调窗算法,实验表明,该算法绝大部分MRI和CT图像的自动调窗效果接近于最佳;(2 )本文给出的种子生长分割方法,是基于灰度连通性原理,只需点击病灶,就可以将病灶及边缘准确地分割出来,并可以动态、实时地控制分割的效果,只要机器的内存允许,可以直接对三维图像进行三维分割。测试表明,该功能缩短和降低手术计划的时间和难度,提高导航手术的效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Image guided surgical navigation system is the most advanc ed surgical apparatus, which develops most rapidly and has great application prospects in ne urosurgery, orthopaedics, E.N.T.department etc. In current surgical navig ation systems, windowing, segmenting and registration of medical images all depe nd on manual operation, and automation of image processing is urgently needed. T his paper proposes the algorithm which realizes very well automatic windowing and s egmentation of medical images: first, we analyze a lot of MRI and CT images and propose corresponding windowing algorithm according to their common features of intensity distribution. Experiments show that the effects of windowing of most M RI and CT images are optimized. Second, We propose the seed grow ing algorithm based on intensity connectivity,which can segment tumor and its b oundary exactly by simply clicking the mouse,and control dynamically the result s in real time. If computer memory permits, the algorithm can segment 3D images directly. Tests show that this function is able to shorten the time of surgical planning, lower the complexity, and improve the efficiency in navigation surgery .更多还原