【摘要】 在室内评价了常规棉花粉和转Cry1Ac+CpTI棉(Bt棉)花粉通过不同处理方式作为食物源对拟澳洲赤眼蜂Trichogrammaconfusum寿命、寄生卵数、子代羽化数和性比等繁殖和存活特征的影响。共设计7个饲喂处理,即不饲喂(UNFED)、水(W)、水+常规棉花粉(W+P)、水+Bt棉花粉(W+BtP)、10%蜂蜜水(H)、10%蜂蜜水+常规棉花粉(H+P)和10%蜂蜜水+转Bt棉花粉(H+BtP)。在提供或不提供米蛾Corcyracephalonica卵条件下,经W+P或W+BtP饲喂的雌蜂寿命与W或UNFED间无显著差异,但均显著短于H和H+P或H+BtP饲喂的雌蜂,而经H+P或H+BtP饲喂的雌蜂寿命又均显著长于经H饲喂的雌蜂(p<0.05)。比较每雌寄生卵数和子代羽化数来看,各处理明显分为3类,即UNFED、W、W+P和W+BtP为最低,H为居中,H+P和H+BtP为最高。比较每雌子代性比来看,各处理也明显分为3类,即H、H+P和H+BtP为最低,W+P和W+BtP为居中,UNFED和W为最高。饲喂W+P和W+BtP的雌蜂寿命、寄生卵粒数、子代羽化数和性比分别与W+BtP和H+BtP饲喂间无显著差异(p<0.05)。因而,棉花花粉需与蜂蜜组合才能成为拟澳洲赤眼蜂实现其最大存活和繁殖力的食物;Bt棉花粉对拟澳洲赤眼蜂无影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the most important pest of cotton in China, causing both quantitative and qualitative losses. Trichogramma confusum Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is an endemic egg parasitoid of cotton bollworm H. armigera in China and is a potential biological control agent. The availability and quality of food played an important role in determing the effectiveness of parasitoids as control agents. Adult Trichogramma spp. are known to feed upon nectar, pollen and host fluid. Cotton has long period of flowing with large quantity of pollen. Its flowing stage is also the critical time for H. armigera control. On the other hand, transgenic pest-resistant cotton has displayed satisfactory resistance to H. armigera in many countries in recent years. It is known that the promoting the pest-resistant cotton has gained popularity in China. Beyond concern for the maintenance of susceptibility in target pest populations there also are a number of ecological and environmental questions associated with use of transgenic crops, one of the most prominent being effects on non-target organisms. Although transgenic crops are putatively selective, potential effects on non-target insects have been found, the most sensational involving the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus L.) and Bt corn. With the intense use of transgenic cotton, questions have arisen as to whether these transgenic crops harm any natural enemy populations. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of conventional cotton pollen and Bt cotton pollen as food source on the longevity, number of parasitized eggs, progeny emerged and sex ratio of T. confusum. The results of this study under laboratory conditions are then considered in relation to determine whether pollen availability is likely to be an important factor in field performance and whether transgenic cotton pollen could affect survival and reproduction of T. confusum.The effects of pollen of conventional cotton and transgenic Cry1Ac+CpTI cotton as a food source on T. confusum were assessed in the laboratory by investigating the longevity, number of parasitized eggs and progeny emerged and sex ratio. The seven diet treatment combinations were designated, UNFED for wasps individually were not fed, W for wasps individually were given water alone, W+P for wasps individually were given conventional cotton pollen (20mg pollen in 1 ml water, confected daily), W+BtP for wasps individually were given transgenic cotton pollen (20mg pollen in 1 ml water, confected daily), H for wasps individually were given 10% honey alone, H+P for wasps individually were given individually a suspension of 10% honey and conventional cotton pollen (20mg pollen in 1 ml 10% honey solution, confected daily), and H+BtP for wasps individually were given individually a suspension of 10% honey and transgenic cotton pollen (20mg pollen in 1 ml 10% honey solution, confected daily). When female T. confusum individually either were not fed or were given different diets, in combination with and without host eggs, there was significant variation between treatments. In the absence of eggs of rice moth Corcyra cephalomica, females fed on W+P or W+BtP didn’t live significantly longer (1.50 days and 1.35 days) than those feed on W alone (1.48 days) and UNFED (1.55 days), but significantly shorter those feeding on H (3.98 days) and H+P (6.74 days) or H+BtP (6.92days), respectively. Females fed on H+P and H+BtP lived significantly longer that fed on H, W, W+P, W+BtP and Unfed treatment (p<0.05). In the presence of C. cephalonica eggs, females fed on H, H+P or H+BtP with host eggs lived longer than those fed on the same diets but without host eggs (p<0.05). Throughout the experiment, longevity of wasps did not suffer any significant alteration between W+BtP and W+P or H+BtP and H+P (p>0.05).There was significant variation in the number of parasitized eggs of T. confusum fed on selected food sources. In comparison of the mean of number of parasitized eggs, the treatments ca更多还原