【摘要】 生态功能区划是依据区域生态系统类型、生态系统受胁迫过程与效应、生态环境敏感性、生态服务功能重要性等特征的空间分异性而进行的地理空间分区 ,其目的是明确区域或国家生态安全重要地区 ,分析区域可能的生态环境问题与生态环境脆弱区 ,为产业布局、生态环境保护与建设规划提供科学依据 ,为实施区域生态环境分区管理提供基础和前提。在对区域生态环境特征分析的基础上 ,依据建立的生态功能区划原则、方法和指标体系 ,以安徽省域尺度生态系统为对象 ,在生态系统受胁迫过程与效应、生态环境敏感性和生态系统服务功能等指标评价的基础上 ,以中国生态环境区划方案为背景 ,综合了自然因素与人类活动对安徽省生态系统叠加影响 ,形成了安徽省生态功能区划方案 ,将安徽省分为 5个生态区、16个生态亚区、4 7个生态功能区 ,为生态保护与建设的重点、目标、措施的确定以及区域产业结构与布局的调整提供了重要依据更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological function regionalization is a kind of geographic spatial division, which is based on the distribution of ecosystem stress and effect, ecological sensitivity and ecological service importance. The target of ecological function regionalization is to distinguish the regional ecological problems and ecological fragile areas, determine the prior protection ecosystems and regions, and to supply scientific basis for regional ecological protection, region-based ecosystem management and sustainable development. Taken Anhui Province as a case, regional ecosystem sensitivity and service importance assessment were carried out according to the established guidelines. The primary eco-environmental problems and their driving forces of study target were also extracted. With the help of GIS, the spatial distribution of ecosystem sensitivity and service importance were characterized. Based on the above assessment, the provincial ecological function regionalization was worked out, and the ecological protection and construction emphasis, target and measures of each ecological region were also recommended. It indicated that, with the stress of population and economic growth, the eco-environmental quality of Anhui Province is going worse, with the appearance of intensive utilization and lack of cultivated land, strong dependence of agricultural production on external input, resource deficit and function decline of forest ecosystem, diminution and threat of biodiversity, shrinking of wetland, heavy pollution of surface water, capability decrease of anti-disturbance and aggravation of ecological disasters. The extremely sensitive area takes 5.3% of the total provincial area, with distribution in the southern Wannan Mountain area, Huangshan and Jiuhuashan Mountain, northwestern and southeastern Dabie Mountain area. The highly sensitive area takes 19.3%, with distribution in Wannan and Dabie Mountain area. The sensitive area takes 36.8%, with distribution in the Huaibei Plain and hills. The slightly sensitive area takes 38.6% of the provincial area, with distribution in the Jianghuai Upland and Flatland area, Yangtze-River Plain area and mountain basin area. The most ecologically important area takes 4.8% of the provincial area, with distribution in the Wannan and Dabie Mountain area, Hill area along Yangtze-river, flood adjustment-store area of Huaihe River. The important-level area takes 21.5%, with distribution in outer belt area of mountain area, Jianghuai Upland and Flatland area, Huaibei hills. The relatively important area takes 73.7% of the provincial area, with distribution in the Huaibei Plain, Jianghuai Upland and Flatland area, Yangtze-river Plain area and mountain valley area. Based on the ecosystem assessment, five ecoregions, 16 sub-ecoregions and 47 eco-functional zones were subdivided by the method of “top-down” and with the support of GIS technology. The five eco-regions are: Huaibei Plain Eco-region, Jianghuai Upland and Flatland Eco-region, Wanxi Dabie Mountain Eco-region, Yangtze-river Plain Belt Eco-region and Wannan Mountain and Hill Eco-region. The application of the regionalization result was also discussed in this paper, which focus on the key area screening of ecological protection and construction, the encouraging and restricting profiles of regional development.更多还原