【摘要】 宇宙核素是宇宙射线与地表物质相互作用的产物,具有蜕变、中子捕获和介子反应三种形成机制。宇宙核素产生率随深度的变化而变化,同时还受纬度、高度和时间等因素的影响,其浓度变化与表面的暴露时间和侵蚀速率密切有关。宇宙核素的应用模型主要基于单一核素和核素对,单一核素方法只能解决一个未知因素,但核素浓度-深度分布曲线可用于复杂问题的解决。核素对方法可以解决具有多种未知因素的复杂状况,实际应用中主要基于核素比值变化曲线的分析。另外,基于核素对还可以解决埋藏年龄等问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 <Abstrcat>Cosmogenic nuclides found in rocks and sediments at the Earth’s surface are produced primarily by three forms of interaction between cosmic rays and minerals: spallation,neutron-capture reactions and muon-induced reactions.The production rate of these nuclides varies with depth,latitude,altitude,and time.The concentration of nuclides in surface rocks and sediments is a function of exposure time and erosion rate, and thus has great potential for use in landscape evolution studies.In the Earth sciences,single nuclides are typically used to resolve one unknown,normally time of exposure or erosion rate.Ratios of the concentrations of multiple nuclides can be used to resolve exposure age and erosion rate,as well as more complex issues such as the duration of burial events.更多还原