【摘要】 利用大型活动式防雨旱棚,人工控制土壤含水量,研究全生育期不同土壤水分对夏玉米光合特性和产量的影响。结果表明:水分胁迫下,夏玉米叶片叶绿素含量、光合面积、光合速率、蒸腾速率减少,引起果穗性状恶化,导致经济产量大幅下降。造成减产的主要原因是每穗粒数的减少和百粒重的下降。严重水分胁迫可使收获期玉米籽粒、苞叶、穗轴、花丝含水量较充分供水约高20%～60%,从而导致玉米成熟期推迟。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using large moving water proof installations, controlling soil wa te r content strictly, a systematic study was conducted to effect of water stress o n the photosynthetic character and pod yields of summer maize during the growing period. The results showed that :under water deficit, chlorophyll content of su mmer maize leaves、 photosynthetic area、 photosynthetic rate、 transpiration r ate decreased, which would deteriorate its ear characteristics and decreased si gnificantly the economic yields of maize. The factors that caused reduction of yields were mainly the decrease of ear kernel number and 100- kernel weight. S evere water stress would enhance the water content of grain, grain axes, bract , filigree about 20% ～ 60% compared to the treatment of full- water supply,a nd resulted in the postponement of its maturation.更多还原