【摘要】 目的分析15年广东省麻风病的流行特征,并探讨低流行状态下的防治策略。方法对1990～2004年间广东省近15年的新发现病例的流行病学特征进行分析。结果15年麻风病的发现率和患病率明显下降,并保持在较低的水平,病例的早期(诊断延迟期≤2年)发现比率为73.82%,发病到确诊的平均延迟期为27.6个月,Ⅱ级畸残率为17.60%,早期发现的病例其Ⅱ级畸残率明显低于延迟期>2年的畸残率(P<0.001),城乡的病例数明显高于城市的病例数(P<0.001),门诊发现的病例约占3/4。结论经过近50多年的综合防治,我省的麻风病已处于低流行状态,98.00%的地区已达到基本消灭的指标。但局部地区尤其是边远地区是当前新发病例较集中的地区,防治工作力度丝毫不可放松,当前防治策略应把工作重点放在边远地区,加强培训和宣传,着重提高早期发现病人,以控制传播和降低畸残率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze leprosy epidemic character in Guangdong province and explore the measure of leprosy control in low epidemic situation. Method Epidemiological methods were used to analyze new detecting cases of leprosy during 1990～2004. Results The detection rate and prevalence rate were decreased obviously and maintained at the low level. The detection rate in the early stage was 73.82%; average delay in detection was 27.6 months. Grade Ⅱdisability rate was 17.60%. The Grade Ⅱdisability rate of patients detected in early stage was much lower than that in late stage(P < 0.001). Leprosy cases in countryside were more than that in city(P < 0.001). 3/4 cases were detected in the out-patient department. Conclusions Leprosy in Guangdong was at low epidemic, and most cases were detected in rural areas. In order to control transmission and reduce disability rate of leprosy, medical training and heath education must be strengthened in these areas.更多还原