【摘要】 许多学者认为兼爱是墨子站在当时平民阶级或劳动人民的立场上提出的一种不含有阶级,而讲究平等、无远近、无尊卑、无差等的爱。本文以为这只是看到了墨学思想的表象,是对墨学的一种理解偏差,兼爱是一个矛盾的理想,是墨子在坚持等级制度的基础上提出的一种对人的道德自觉。兼爱说自产生就存在着矛盾,其中包含了墨学发展的许多潜在的悲剧因素,这将墨学引入一种尴尬。这种尴尬包括两个方面:一是无法实行带来了教义的空泛,二是造成了墨学的易被误解。误解始自孟子的非理性批判。将墨子与先秦其它诸子相比其传承之由显到隐令人感喟,与西方犬儒学派相比其用意之善而见谤也令人遗憾。更多还原

【Abstract】 It was generally accepted that the universal-love theory of Mozi was a kind of au pair love.But this paper holds the idea that the universal-love theory is an ambivalent ideal advanced by Mozi.When it was brought out,there had some antinomies existed in the universal-love theory which is the core of Mohism,which led Mohism to awkward position.Furthermore,Mencius` alogical criticism had significantly affected the decadency of Mohism.Compared with other lysenkoisms in the Period of Wars and the school of Cynics in the western country,there are more pities given by Mozi and Mohism.更多还原