【摘要】 介绍了美国农药水生生态风险评价从商值法到概率风险评价再到多层次生态风险评价的发展过程,重点阐述了当前在美国被广泛采用的多层次生态风险评价系统。对水生生态风险评价中常用的暴露评价模型GENEEC、PRZM和EXAM S进行了比较分析。介绍了美国已开展的农药水生生态风险评价工作情况,旨在为我国今后的农药水生生态风险评价研究提供有益的借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 For the purpose of providing useful reference in aquatic ecological risk assessment,a(detailed) study in USA was conducted.The development process of aquatic ecological risk assessment methods in USA was introduced.The assessment methods developed from the quotient method to(probabilistic) ecological risk assessment,then to a tiered aquatic ecological risk assessment system which was introduced in this article in detail.Subsequently,the exposure assessment models used currently by USEPA such as GENEEC,PRZM and EXAMS were analyzed.At the end,works developed in USA were presented.更多还原