【摘要】 通过实验室条件下的小麦秸秆粉和油菜秸秆粉的还土试验,结合常规的分析手段和基于DNA的分子技术(变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)及测序技术),初步研究了秸秆粉还田后土壤物理化学特性及生物学特性的变化。结果表明,培养60d后,秸秆还田土壤的肥力明显提高,其纤维素酶活性明显增强。DGGE图谱表明,对照土壤(S)以及处理土壤(SW和SR),在培养过程中,β-Proteobacteria类细菌组成都在发生变化。对其中一个样品的DGGE条带进行了割胶测序,测序结果表明,大部分条带代表的微生物是未培养的或不可培养的。采用传统分离培养技术,从秸秆还田土壤中分离了2株纤维素降解菌。以上结果说明,秸秆还田具有良好的土壤综合效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 Changes of physical、 chemical and biological characteristics of soils amended with wheat and rape straws were analyzed by either routine approaches or DNA-based molecular techniques(denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and sequencing)under laboratory conditions.The results showed that after treatment for 60 days,fertilities of the amended soils increased significantly at range from 23.9% to 52.5% in varying items,but there was little difference for the amended soils for treatment between with wheat and rape straw.Cellulase activities in amended soils were significantly higher than that in the control,and in the first 24 days,the cellulase activities in wheat straw amended soils were higher than that in soils amended with rape straw,in contrast,after 25 days,the case was reversed.DGGE profiles showed that during the incubation period,the composition of β-Proteobacteria in the control and amended soils changed variously.The DGGE bands of one sample were sequenced,and it demonstrated that most of the microorganisms represented by the DGGE bands were uncultured or uncultivable bacteria.Two cellulolytic bacteria were isolated from the straw amended soils by traditional cultivation-dependent technique,one was relative to Cellulosimicrobium cellulans with 99% similarity,and another matched with 98% similarity to Cellulomonas fiavigena.In conclusion,soils amended with straws have beneficial ecological effects.更多还原