【摘要】 利用恒温冷冻摇床,测定了生物膜填料吸附剂对废水溶液中Cu2+的吸附操作曲线、pH值、温度和生物膜量的影响,并将实际吸附过程与准一级吸附动力学方程、准二级动力学方程和Elovich模型进行拟合。结果表明,准二级动力学方程和Elovich模型能与吸附过程达到较好的吻合;溶液pH值一般选择在5～6范围进行吸附处理;温度考虑在室温20℃左右下进行;由于单位质量生物膜的吸附量下降,因此欲提高溶液的吸附率不能单纯靠生物膜量(WW)的增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 The novel complex biofilm process was utilized to treat the wastewater containing heavy metal ions and other complicated components seriously harmful to human beings and survival environment nowadays, and the purifying experimental flow was also explicitly introduced. The theoretical mechanism of biofilm treatment process was perplexing, not only including the activation and catalysis of biofilm, but also including the biosorption and chelation of the biofilm and migration of heavy metal ions under the adsorptive power. The organic materials in the wastewaters were consumed as the nutritious source of biofilm that was composed of aerobes and anaerobes. Scanning electron microscope analyses (SEM) on mixed microbial cells showed that small sorts of mixed microbial survived and some adaptable individual microbes increased obviously after acclimation by heavy metals for treated substances. Moreover, their microstructure and morphological characteristics changed greatly. Effect of the operating lines, initial pH, temperature and biofilm sorbent mass on biosorption of copper (Ⅱ) ions to biofilm was studied and the experimental data was analyzed using three sorption kinetic models, the pseudo-first order, the second order and the Elovich equations, to determine the best equation for the sorption of metal ions onto biofilm. The simulating results indicated that both the pseudo-second order kinetic model and Elovich equations fitted very well to the experimental data (r2=0.999 4, 0.997 0, respectively), while Lagergren pseudo-first order model deviated to experimental plots a little (r2=0.994 1). The appropriate pH was nearly neutral, from 5 to 6, and the appropriate temperature was about 20 ℃, nearly room temperature. Since the adsorption quantity per unit decreasing with biofilm mass, high adsorption rate could not be gained by increasing biofilm sorbent mass simply.更多还原