【摘要】 探讨了设施蔬菜产地灌溉水质评价指标的筛选与定值原则,并根据各种污染物对蔬菜生长发育、质量安全和生态环境可能产生的影响,提出将设施蔬菜产地灌溉水质量指标划分为基本控制项目和选择性控制项目两类。基本控制项目包括:pH值、化学需氧量、阴离子表面活性剂、全盐量、氯化物、硫化物、汞、镉、砷、铬(六价)、铅、粪大肠菌群、蛔虫卵等13种;选择性控制项目包括:总铜、总锌、总硒、氟化物、氰化物、石油类、挥发酚、苯、硼、铝、铁、锰、钼等13种。通过与FAO、美国、加拿大、德国、澳大利亚、日本相关标准的对比分析,并结合我国的社会经济及科学技术现状,分别提出了每种污染物的浓度限值。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is unreasonable to assess the environmental quality of the greenhouse vegetable growing area based on the current standards. The key points of selecting assessment indexes and determining maximum permissive concentrations (MPC) of the toxic substances in irrigation water for greenhouse vegetable field were discussed in this paper. Considering the harm to vegetable growing, effects on food quality and safety, damage possibility on rural ecology and environment,several indicators including pH, COD, LAS, TDS, chloride, sulfide, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, lead, coliform, ascarid were selected as the basic assessment indexes; while copper, zinc, selenium, fluoride, cyanide, mineral oil, phenol, benzene, boron, aluminum, manganese, molybdenum were selected as theoptional evaluation indexes. Comparing with related criterions of FAO, America,Canada, Germany, Australian, Japan and other countries, taking account of the status quo in China, maximum permissive concentrations of each toxic substance were given out by the author as following: pH 6～8.5, COD: 40 or 150 mg·L-1; LAS: 5.0 mg·L-1; TDS: 1000 mg·L-1; chloride: 250 mg·L-1; sulfide: 1.0 mg·L-1; mercury: 0.001 mg·L-1; cadmium 0.01 mg·L-1; arsenic: 0.05 mg·L-1; chromium: 0.10 mg·L-1; lead: 0.10 mg·L-1; coliform: 4000MPN·100 mL-1; ascarid: 2 eggs·L-1; copper: 1.0 mg·L-1; zinc: 2.0 mg·L-1; selenium: 0.02 mg·L-1: fluoride: 2.0 mg·L-1; cyanide: 0.50 mg·L-1; mineral oil: 1.0 mg·L-1; phenol: 0.1 mg·L-1; benzene: 0.01mg·L-1; boron: 0.5mg·L-1; aluminum; 5.0 mg·L-1; Iron: 5.0 mg·L-1; manganese: 0.2 mg·L-1; molybdenum: 0.01 mg·L-1.更多还原