【摘要】 传统的贝类分类的主要依据———形态学、解剖学和生理学等方面在解决分类问题上存在着不足之处,而近十几年来发展起来的分子生物技术作为一种辅助手段,能从DNA水平进行分类研究,解决形态分类上不能解决的问题,从而对生物物种进行系统的分类.目前分子生物技术已出现数十种,比较常用的有蛋白质电泳技术、核苷酸序列分析技术、简单重复序列锚定PCR(Simple SequenceRepeat-Anchored PCR Amplification,SSR-PCR)、随机扩增多态DNA技术(Random AmplifiedPolymorphic DNA,RAPD)等.本文主要从蛋白酶谱分析技术和基于DNA的技术两大方面综述了分子生物技术在贝类鉴定和分类上的应用现状.虽然用分子学方法与用形态学方法在进行分类时有时存在不一致性,但随着技术的进步,理论和实践的积累,将分子方法和传统方法相结合将会越来越好的解决贝类的系统分类问题.更多还原

【Abstract】 There are some drawbacks when using traditional methods to deal with the mollusca’ taxonomy,such as morphology,anatomy,physiology.As an assistant means,molecular biology technology can explore taxonomy based on DNA and settle problems that can not be solved by morphology.Thus,it can be used for systematic classification of species.At present,there are many biological technologies,such as allozyme?RFLP? RAPD? SSR-PCR,etc.This paper focuses on the applied situation of some molecular biological technologies in the discrimination and taxonomy of Mollusca in two aspects,i.e,protein technology and DNA technology.Although there are some inconsistences between results from morphology and biology technology,the improvements of technologies and accumulation of theories and practices make us belive that the prospect of using molecular methords and morphology together will be much promising.更多还原