【摘要】 以晋棉21号为试材,采用盆栽试验、大田仿真的方法,研究了棉花苗期水分干旱胁迫和施肥互作对棉花生长发育的影响。结果表明:①苗期干旱水分胁迫对控制棉花主茎生长速度、降低主茎高度、培育壮苗有明显作用;②棉花苗期水分干旱胁迫持续10~20 d,能有效减少6月份以前早期花蕾的脱落率,结果导致棉花群体吐絮高峰提前10 d左右,在施肥不足情况下,7月底以前形成的早期幼铃脱落率较高,但增加施肥具有降低脱落率的明显效果;③晋中为特早熟棉区,9月1-21日采收的棉花铃重、衣分和衣指相对较高,品质相对较好,通过苗期水分干旱胁迫与施肥技术的合理搭配,能使棉花吐絮高峰期集中在9月上、中旬,提高棉花优质铃比率,是晋中地区棉花高产优质栽培,充分发挥优质品种增产潜力的关键措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 We studied the influence on the cotton growth and development of the interaction between the drought stress and fertilizer during the cotton seedling,through the method of basin and imitating in the field with Jinmian 21.The results showed that: ①The drought stress during the seedling had significant effect on regulating the speed of main stem growth,cultivating and strengthening seedling;②10-20 days drought stress could alleviate the rate of the bud fall before June effectively,which resulted in the period of most bolls opening was earlier about 10 days than ever before.Though under the lack of fertilizer,the immature bolls before late July were easy to fall,addition to fertilizer could decrease the rate of the fallen boll effectively;③Jinzhong was exceptional early mature cotton region,the cotton boll weight,lint percentage and lint index were higher relatively,cotton fiber quality was better,when collected between September 1^st and 21^st.The combination of the drought stress and fertilizer technique concentrated the period of boll opening in the September 1^st and 20^th,which was beneficial to the rate of better-quality boll,and the important measures which played a role in better quality and potentiality of addition to the output.更多还原