【摘要】 用(亚洲棉×比克氏棉)F1双二倍体作母本与陆地棉单节显性系1(Gl2Gl2gl3gl3)进行杂交和连续回交,育成了具有子叶色素腺体延缓形成特性的陆地棉种质系———ABH0318。该种质的休眠种子观察不到色素腺体,但解剖镜下可看到子叶边缘处有小量稀小的色素腺体。组织切片观察发现,ABH0318休眠种子内含有3种不同类型的色素腺体结构:(1)具有色素腺雏形但无腺腔的色素腺体原,约占总色素腺体或结构的50%左右;(2)发育不全的色素腺体,其体积较小,腺腔内无内含物,约占25%左右;(3)正常色素腺体类型,分布于子叶的边缘,约占25%左右。种子萌发后,第一类色素腺体结构中的细胞迅速溶解,形成腺腔,并迅速形成正常色素腺体,而第二、三类色素腺体结构无明显的变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new upland germplasm with the delayed gland morphogenesis trait of G.bickii, ABH-0318, was bred by crossing the amphidiploid of （G.arboreum ×G.bickii）F₁ with an upland cotton germplasm ‘Gl₂Gl₂gl₃gl₃’ and backcrossing afterward continuously. There were a few pigment glands on the edges of the cotyledons in the dormant seeds under the anatomical lens, although they were invisible to the naked eyes. Anatomical structure observation shown that there were three kinds of pigment gland structures in the dormant seeds of ABH-0318: （1） gland primodiums as the structures of the dormant seeds in G.bickii only which had the pigment gland structure but no gland lumen inside, and these structures occupied as much as 50% of the total glands or gland structure in the seeds; （2） semideveloped pigment glands which were small in size and there were not any materials in the gland lumen, occupied about 25% of the total glands or gland structures; and （3） the normal pigment glands distributed on the edges of the cotyledons and about 25% of the totals. After the seed germination, the gland cells in the 1^st kind of the gland structures were disintegrated to form the gland lumens and developed normal glands rapidly. However, there were no any significant changes in structure for the 2^nd and 3^rd kinds of glands in the cotyledons during the germination.更多还原