【摘要】 研究了在水力机械中普遍应用的铸铁(HT 200)、中碳结构铸钢(40#)、不锈钢(1C r18N i9T i)和高铬铸铁(KmTBC r26)4种材料的冲蚀磨损规律,得出了材料的冲蚀磨损率随磨损时间、冲蚀速度、磨粒浓度和粒径变化的规律,同时根据观察材料冲蚀磨损表面形貌探讨了其冲蚀磨损机理.结果表明:材料的冲蚀磨损性能受到材料基本机械性能的控制,其中高硬度材料的抗冲蚀性能较好,在相同试验条件下其磨损率由大到小排列顺序为HT 200>40#>1C r18N i9T i>KmTBC r26;4种材料的冲蚀磨损率随磨粒粒径、浆料浓度和磨粒冲击速度的变化规律基本一致,当磨粒粒径小于425μm时,磨粒粒径对KmTBC r26和1C r18N i9T i的磨损率影响很小;金属材料的组织结构对材料的冲蚀磨损性能和机理影响较大,其中KmTBC r26和1C r18N i9T i的冲蚀磨损机理以脆性断裂、破裂及颗粒脱落为主,而HT 200和40#的冲蚀磨损机理以选择性切削式冲蚀磨损为主.更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper focused on experimental study of erosive wear rules and erosive wear mechanism of ferrosteel (HT200)、structural steel(40~#)、stainless steel(1Cr18Ni9Ti) and high-chromium cast-iron(KmTBCr26) used widely in hydraulic machines. A rotating test rig machine with water-solid tank evaluates erosive wear rates of materials on controlled experiment condition. Mechanical properties of metal materials influenced their anti-erosive wear properties: the larger the hardness value of material are, the better the anti-erosive wear properties. On the same experiment condition, erosive wear rates of materials follow this rule: HT200>40~#>1Cr18Ni9Ti>Cr26. And their erosive wear rate W increases with the diameter d_s、mass concentration C_s and impingement velocity V_s of solid particles. Based on erosive surface micrograph (SEM) of materials, wear mechanism is concluded. Different erosive wear mechanism depends on different microstructure of metal materials and erosive condition. The primary wear mechanism of metal materials includes plastic deformation、cutting and brittle fracture.更多还原