【摘要】 [目的]综合定量评价上海市闸北区大气可吸入颗粒物(PM10)污染的健康危害。[方法]以国际上近年来通用的危险度评价方法为基础,结合大气污染物每增加1单位所产生的健康损失,对大气污染物浓度变化对健康的影响进行定量评估。[结果]2001年上海市闸北区大气可吸入颗粒物污染造成超额总死亡数为775人,急、慢性支气管炎和(儿童及成人)哮喘可避免患病数分别为27 151、7 113人,呼吸系统及心血管系统可避免住院数分别为151和40人,内科和儿科可避免门诊数分别为9 378及697人。[结论]上海市闸北区大气可吸入颗粒物污染对居民造成了健康损失,需继续采用综合防治措施以控制大气污染水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 [ Objective ]To get the quantitative result of the impact of air PM10 on human health in Zhabei district, Shanghai. [ Methods ] The approach used in this paper was based on the internationally accepted quantitative risk assessment framework and the unit increase in mortality or morbidity per unit increase of PM10 level. [ Results ] In 2001, the air PMio caused 775 attributable deaths, accounting also for 2 7151 and 7 113 cases of acute and chronic bronchitis and asthma attack (including child and adult patients ), respectively; increase by 151 and 40 cases of respiratory and cardiovascular hospital admissions, increase by 9 378 and 697 cases of physician and paediatrician visits, respectively. [ Conclusion ] The impact of air PM10 in Zhabei district on public health is considerable, and it is necessary to hold on the integrated measures to control the air pollutions.更多还原