【摘要】 木虱啮小蜂Tetrastichussp.是枸杞木虱ParatriozasinicaYang&Li若虫外寄生蜂,是控制枸杞木虱种群数量动态的重要因子之一。为查明其寻找寄主的信息素,应用四臂嗅觉仪、培养皿两种方法测定了枸杞LyciumbarbarumL.的健康叶、虫伤叶、枸杞木虱若虫、若虫与叶复合体、卵与叶复合体和若虫分泌物等不同物质对木虱啮小蜂行为反应的影响。结果证明枸杞木虱若虫分泌物对木虱啮小蜂有明显的吸引作用,四臂嗅觉仪测定时有73%的雌蜂趋向分泌物材料区(P=0.0000)。枸杞健康叶,虫伤叶及其水、正丁烷提取物,卵与枸杞叶复合体对木虱啮小蜂无明显吸引作用。木虱若虫水提物及正丁烷提取物在培养皿中可吸引木虱啮小蜂并可引起刺探行为,但嗅觉仪测定时单独若虫并不吸引木虱啮小蜂,只有活体若虫与枸杞叶片复合体才对木虱啮小蜂有吸引作用(P=0.0004)。木虱啮小蜂通过与寄主若虫的接触,可提高其搜索效率。接触过寄主若虫的雌蜂第一次找到寄主的时间显著少于未曾接触寄主若虫的雌蜂,前者只用后者1/4的时间,说明该寄生蜂能对其寄主若虫进行学习。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tetrastichus sp. is an ectoparasitoid wasp of wolf-berry psyllid, Paratrioza sinica Yang & Li. It plays an important role in controlling the population dynamics of wolf-berry psyllid which is one of the most serious pests of wolf berry, Lycium barbarum L. In order to understand how the wasps find their victims, their responses to extracts from host and host plant were tested using four-arm olfactometer and Petri dishes. The results showed that female wasps responded significantly and positively to nymph secretion and the complex of fresh leaves and nymph but not to intact host plant leaves, damaged host plant leaves and complex of leaves and eggs. Seventy-three percent of the female wasps were attracted to the arm with nymph secretion (P=0.0000). Female wasps preferred nymph secretion and extracts of nymph (both water and n-butane extracts) significantly and they tapped using antennae and some probed with ovipositor the samples in Petri dishes. The complex of living nymph and wolf-berry leaves attracted the wasps significantly (P=0.0004). The host searching time of a female wasp with experience of contacting with its host was significantly less than that of a female without the experience. The former was only about one fourth of the latter. This suggests that the wasp has learning ability.更多还原