【摘要】 研制了以乙二醇丁醚为溶剂,以司班、土温和阴离子表面活性剂为主成分的系列高效海上溢油分散剂(OSD),并确定了原液的最佳配方。利用HLB值法确定OSD所用表面活性剂的HLB最佳值为10.5,结果表明,含有阴离子表面活性剂的OSD的乳化率和稳定性较高;最佳配方的OSD原液在剂油比为0.04:1条件下对胜利原油30s乳化率大于80%,10min乳化率大于70%。考察了原油种类、剂油比、温度和盐度对乳化率的影响及OSD的生物降解性。更多还原

【Abstract】 High efficiency series oil dispersants (OSD) were developed by using ethylene glycol monobutyl ether as main solvent, Span, Tween and a synthesized anion surfactant as key compositions, and the optimum formula were made. Optimal HBL for oil dispersant surfactants was 10. 5. The results showed that the anion surfactant could dramatically improve the emulsification adaptability and stability of oil dispersants. Therefore, emulsification adaptability of 30 s and 10 min could up to 80% and 70% respectively when oil to the enriched dispersant oil ratio is 0. 04. The influencing factors such as the type of crude oil, the ratio of agent to oil, temperature and salinity on the ratio of emulsification and the property of biodegradation were studied.更多还原