【摘要】 目的探讨青藏高原耗牛脑动脉供应的形态学特征,为高原动物脑动脉供应的形态学研究提供理论依据。方法对经10%福尔马林溶液固定的成年牦牛头进行大体解剖,追踪其脑动脉的来源和分布,并测量各动脉的口径。结果脑的血液由颈内动脉、上颌动脉、枕动脉和椎动脉供应。上述血管的分支于大脑垂体周围和枕骨基底部分别形成前、后硬膜外异网和大脑动脉环。颈内动脉通过大脑前动脉和大脑中动脉主要供应大脑半球前部(约60%)的血液。椎动脉参与形成基底动脉、小脑动脉系和大脑后动脉,供应脑干、小脑和大脑后部(约40%)的血液。血管起始端口径自0.4 mm到2.6 mm不等。结论牦牛脑的血液是由颈内动脉、上颌动脉、枕动脉和椎动脉供应的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the morphological characteristics of the blood supply to the brain of the plateau yak living in the Qinhai-Tibetan plateau(about 3?000-4?700 meters above sea level),providing a basis for study on the morphology of the brain vasculature of the plateau animal. Methods Six heads of the plateau yak were fixed by injecting 10% formalin through the carotid and vertebral arteries.The specimens were then colored by injecting a solution of red oils in either(15∶1) into the same artery.After the heads had been stored for one week,the arteries supplying the brain were dissected out.The origins and distribution of the arteries were examined and diameters were measured. Results The blood supplies to the brain in the yak come from the internal carotid,maxillary,occipital and vertebral arteries.The above-mentioned branches contribute in the formation of the rostral and caudal epidural retia mirable.The blood supply of cerebrum(60%) is mainly provided by the middle and rostral cerebral arteries which arise from the internal carotid.The basilar,cerebellar and caudal cerebral arteries are formed by the vertebral artery,which supply caudex encephali,cerebellum and cerebrum(40%).But the Qinhal-Tibetan plateau adult yaks have not the rostral communicating artery.The diameter of the vessels ranged from 0.4?mm to 2.6?mm.Conclusion The blood supply to the brain in the yak comes from the internal carotid,maxillary,occipital and vertebral arteries.The brain is mainly supplied with oxygenated blood in the internal carotid and vertebral arteries.更多还原