【摘要】 从2003年11月至2004年10月,选取洞庭湖环湖丘岗区的4种生态系统———茶林、针阔混交林、阔叶林和竹林为样地,对其大型土壤动物群落的组成、多样性、垂直剖面分布及季节性变化等进行了比较研究。结果表明,被调查的4个土壤动物群落中动物类群数依次为竹林>茶林>阔叶林>针阔混交林;个体数依次为茶林>针阔混交林>阔叶林>竹林;多样性指数(H′)依次是竹林>阔叶林>茶林>针阔混交林,与群落均匀度的变化显著相关,而与群落的优势度关系不密切;4个群落的DG指数是:竹林>茶林>阔叶林>针阔混交林;通过对Jaccard指数分析结果表明,4种土壤动物群落组成具有较高的异质性,茶林和针阔混交林的相似性最高,茶林和阔叶林的相似性最低;4种群落的大型土壤动物类群及数量均具有表聚性,并随土层加深逐渐减少,且速度越来越快,尤其是随着季节变化波动性比较大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Between Nov.,2003 and Dec.,2004,a comparative study was conducted on the community composition,vertical structure,variety and the seasonal changes of large soil animals in four different ecological systems,namely,camellia,mixed needle and broad leaf,broad leaf and bamboo of Dongting Lake wetland.The result shows that four types of soil animal communities had different number distribution in both communities and individual heads.From the largest to the smallest,the number distribution decreased from animals in bamboo,to those in tea forest,to mixed needle and to broad leaf;For individual heads,it decreased from animals in tea forest,mixed needle to those in broad leaf,and bamboo forests.The variety of index(H′)(from the largest to smallest) was distributed as follows: bamboo forests and mixed needle,tea forest and broad leaf.This is closely correlated with the evenness,but not so with the riches of the communities.The distribution of index(DG) in four types of communities was as follows:(from the largest to the smallest) bamboo,tea forest,mixed needle and broad leaf forests.An analysis of Jaccard index shows that the four types of soil animal communities had high nature-difference.Tea and mixed needle and broad leaf forests enjoy the greatest similarity while broad leaf and tea and mixed needle enjoy the lowest.The four types of communities and their number have surface-gathering nature.As the soil becomes deeper,its degree decreases but its speed increases quickly,and varies greatly with the change of seasons.更多还原