【摘要】 目的了解沈阳市小学生四季紫外线个体暴露情况。方法采用个体紫外线监测仪对沈阳市小学生进行四季紫外线个体暴露剂量的测定,同时亦开展了环境紫外线剂量的监测。结果小学生个体紫外线暴露量春、秋高于冬、夏。冬季小学生个体紫外线暴露时间少于其他三季。上课日暴露量和暴露时间多于休息日。全年日平均暴露量和暴露时间在中午时段有明显集中趋势。小学生日平均暴露量占环境剂量的比例不超过8%。结论小学生个体紫外线暴露量日间分布基本对应于户外活动时间,其个体间差异主要是个体行为因素所致,季节对个体紫外线暴露有显著影响。个体紫外线暴露剂量只占当时环境剂量很小部分。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore individual exposure to solar-UV radiation of pupils in Shenyang in four seasons. Methods Personal exposure to solar-UV radiation of pupils in Shenyang in four seasons was measured with ultraviolet radiation individual monitors and at the same time UV intensity in environment was detected also. Results Results of the present paper showed that higher UV exposure dosage of the pupils had been determined in spring and autumn, lower dosage had been determined in winter and summer respectively. The accumulative UV exposure time of pupils showed lower levels in winter compared with those in spring, summer and autumn. Higher UV exposure dosage and exposure time had been determined in class day than those in break day. The annual mean of daily UV exposure dosage and exposure time presented higer levels at noon. The mean of daily exposure of pupils was less than 8 percent of environmental UV intensity. Conclusion The distribution of UV exposure of pupils in daytime is corresponded with time spent outdoors. Individual differences are mostly caused by personal behavior. Seasons may affect personal UV radiation exposure. The UV exposure received by individuals only take a little part of total environmental UV radiation.更多还原