【摘要】 在用脉冲填料塔(以苯为溶剂)萃取硫酸铵水溶液中己内酰胺的过程中,由于设备正常操作时溶剂泄漏以及公用工程中锅炉燃油燃烧,部分苯和有害气体排放到大气中,对环境产生不可忽视的影响。今根据绿色设计思想,引入化学物质环境影响因子和化学物质边际环境损害的概念,将萃取塔和溶剂回收塔中泄漏的苯,以及锅炉燃烧排放的硫、氮氧化物、二氧化碳等化学物质引起的环境损害进行了量化,并综合考虑萃取过程的经济成本(设备和操作成本)和环境影响,提出了新的设计目标函数,优化确定了脉冲填料塔的绿色设计结果,并与传统设计结果作了比较。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the plant of extracting caprolactam from aqueous ammonium sulphate solution by using a pulsed packed column, even during the normal operation, emission of some volatile solvents from the pulsed column and solvent recovering distillation column is unavoidable. Furthermore, the exhaust gas of oil combustion from the auxiliary boiler must be released. Both of these will cause the atmosphere of the plant containing benzene, SO2, NO and other hazardous substanct and will result in serious environmental impact. Green design methodology was adopted to design the pulsed packed column. Total environmental impact potential (TEIP) and marginal damage cost (MDC) were introduced to quantitatively evaluate the impacts of the above hazardous substances. A new objective function was proposed for green design of chemical processes. Based on the objective function, the factors, such as the solvent ratio, the height and diameter of the pulsed column were optimized to achieve a good combination of environmental protection and economic profit. The results of using green design and traditional design for the pulsed packed column were presented respectively and were compared.更多还原