【摘要】 变质核杂岩是大陆流变伸展的重要表现形式。在近2 0年的国际大陆动力学研究中,变质核杂岩与伸展构造是一个方兴未艾的热点课题。在大量文献资料调研和作者科研实践的基础上,对变质核杂岩与伸展构造的研究现状进行了综述,分析了变质核杂岩的几何学、运动学、年代学特征、拆离断层特征、形成的大地构造背景与成矿关系等,对变质核杂岩基本特征及判别标志进行了归纳总结。同时,对变质核杂岩的热点争论问题,如变质核杂岩是否一定存在巨厚地壳柱被切失的问题、变质核杂岩形成过程中岩浆作用与伸展作用的主从关系问题、低角度拆离断层的成因等进行了讨论,并提出自己的认识更多还原

【Abstract】 The metamorphic core complex is an important rheologic pattern of continental extension. The metamorphic core complexes and extensional tectonics have been being a hot-point in the international continental dynamics study in recent 20 years. Based on a large number of recent publications and data, the latest research progress on the metamorphic core complexes is reviewed briefly; the basic features of geometry, kinematics, geochronology are described roughly; the main characteristics of major detachment faults bordering metamorphic core complexes are analyzed in detail; the tectonic settings under which the metamorphic core complexes were formed and the metallogenesis related to metamorphic core complexes are introduced; and the distinguishing indicators of the metamorphic core complexes are synthesized. Some debated problems are also discussed in this paper including (1) If an important crustal section necessarily be omitted for all the metamorphic core complexes or not? (2) During the development of metamorphic core complexes, whether the magmatism and deformation is caused by extensional tectonics, or the extensional tectonics is induced by magmatism? (3) the genetic mechanism of low-angle normal faults. By contrast with many metamorphic core complexes over the world, we suggest that a major omission of crustal section is not the most important and necessary condition constraining the metamorphic core complexes. Further studies on the metamorphic core complexes and extensional tectonics will largely promote our understanding of continental rheology and dynamics.更多还原