【摘要】 采用人工模拟降雨的方法对黄土坡面土壤侵蚀过程进行了试验研究,取得了如下结果:①坡面土壤侵蚀随降雨过程的变化可用幂函数相关方程进行描述,15 m in和35 m in是土壤侵蚀强度随降雨过程变化的转折点;②雨强对坡面土壤侵蚀的影响可用幂函数相关方程进行描述,随着坡度的增大,土壤侵蚀强度随雨强的增大而增加的趋势更明显;③坡度对土壤侵蚀的影响可用抛物线相关方程进行描述,土壤侵蚀强度变化的临界坡度在25°附近;④坡长对土壤侵蚀的影响大体可用幂函数相关方程进行描述,但坡长对土壤侵蚀强度的影响比较复杂,随雨强大小的变化而表现为不同的形式;⑤坡度、坡长及雨强对坡面土壤侵蚀的综合影响可用多元线性相关方程进行描述,雨强对土壤侵蚀强度的影响远大于坡长及坡度因子,且坡度与土壤侵蚀强度的关系较坡长为密切。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil erosion of the loess areas greatly endangered sustainable development of agriculture.Research on soil erosion is significant to agriculture and soil and water conservation of the loess areas.With the simulated rainfall experiment,soil erosion process of the loess slope was studied and the following results were made:(1) Slope soil erosion modulus varied with rainfall process and could be described with exponential equations.15min and 35min are changeable points of soil erosion intensity and rainfall process.(2) Effects of rainfall intensity on slope soil erosion could be described with exponential equations and soil erosion intensity is more obviously augmented with rainfall intensity when slope gradient enlarged.(3) Effects of slope gradient on soil erosion could be described with parabola equations.The critical slope gradient was about 25°.(4) Soil erosion modulus changed with slope length mainly could be described with exponential equations.But effects of slope length on soil erosion intensity were a little complicated with different forms under different rainfall intensities.(5) Effects of slope gradient,slope length and rainfall intensity on slope soil erosion could be described with a plural linear equation.Rainfall intensity influenced soil erosion intensity is more positively than slope gradient and slope length,slope gradient is better than slope length.更多还原